Preheat Oven: Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C). Grease or line a 9x13-inch pan with parchment paper.
Prepare Crust and Topping: In a large bowl, combine oats, flour, brown sugar, baking soda, salt, and cinnamon. Add cold butter and mix with a pastry cutter or your hands until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs. Set aside about 1 cup of this mixture for the topping.
Make Rhubarb Filling: In a saucepan, combine rhubarb, granulated sugar, cornstarch, and water. Bring to a simmer over medium heat, stirring frequently until thickened. Remove from heat and stir in vanilla.
Assemble Bars: Press the oat mixture evenly into the bottom of the prepared pan. Pour the rhubarb filling over the crust. Sprinkle the reserved oat mixture on top.
Bake: Bake for 35-40 minutes or until the top is golden and the filling is bubbling. Let cool completely before cutting into squares.