Cook Pasta: Boil salted water in a large pot. Cook pasta according to package directions until al dente. Reserve ½ cup pasta water, then drain.
Sauté Vegetables: While pasta cooks, heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Sauté garlic for 1 minute. Add asparagus and cook for 3–4 minutes. Add cherry tomatoes and cook another 2 minutes until they soften and begin to burst.
Make the Sauce: Lower heat. Stir in cream, lemon juice, and lemon zest. Season with salt, pepper, and red chili flakes.
Combine: Add drained pasta to the skillet. Toss everything together. Add reserved pasta water as needed to thin the sauce and help it coat the pasta.
Finish and Serve: Sprinkle with parmesan. Garnish with extra lemon zest or fresh basil, and serve hot.